Testing Methodologies

Testing Methodologies are the strategies and approaches that are used to test the software application. Some of the testing methodologies are:

• Waterfall Model
• Iterative Model
• V-Model
• Agile Methodology
• Spiral Model
• RAD (Rapid Application Development)

Waterfall Model

Waterfall Model is a sequential model where the software development process is divided into phases. Each phase must be completed before moving to the next phase.

Pros of Waterfall Model:

• Simple and easy to understand
• Works well for small projects

Cons of Waterfall Model:

• Not suitable for large projects
• Difficult to accommodate changes

How Waterfall Model works?

Waterfall Model works in a sequential way which means we have to complete each phase before moving to the next phase. The process is done in the following way:

• Requirement is gathered by the business analyst
• Design is done by the designer
• Developer implements the design
• Tester tests the implemented code and validate the functionality of the software
• Finally, the software is deployed to the customer

In Waterfall model, the complete feature is developed and tested before moving to the next feature.

Iterative Model

Iterative Model is a repetitive model where the software development process is divided into iterations. We have to repeat the process for each iteration in case of any changes in the requirements.

Pros of Iterative Model:

• Flexible and adaptable
• Works well for large projects

Cons of Iterative Model:

• Complex and time-consuming
• Difficult to manage iterations

Difference between Iterative Model and Waterfall Model:

• Iterative Model is repetitive whereas Waterfall Model is sequential
• Iterative Model is time-consuming whereas Waterfall Model is fast and simple. As in Iterative model, we have to repeat the process for each iteration in case of any changes.

How Iterative Model works?

Iterative Model works in a repetitive way which means we have multiple iterations. Each iteration includes:

• Planning - Identify requirements for this iteration
• Analysis - Analyze the requirements in detail
• Design - Create solution design
• Implementation - Develop the planned features
• Testing - Test the implemented features
• Evaluation - Review and get feedback

After each iteration:

• New functionality is added to the system
• Feedback is incorporated into next iteration
• Process repeats until all requirements are met

V-Model

V-Model is a sequential model where the software development and testing process are done in parallel. however, the testing process is done in a reverse order.

Pros of V-Model:

• Simple and easy to understand
• Works well for small projects

Cons of V-Model:

• Not suitable for large projects
• Difficult to accommodate changes

What exactly happens in V-Model?

First, on the left side of V, the requirement is gathered by the business analyst. Then, high-level design and low-level design are done. Then, the developer implements the design. On the right side of V, the testing is done in reverse order:

• Unit Testing - Testing individual components
• Integration Testing - Testing integrated components
• System Testing - Testing entire system
• Acceptance Testing - Testing with customer requirements

This model ensures that for each development phase, there is a corresponding testing phase.

Agile Methodology

Agile Methodology is a iterative and incremental model where the software development process is divided into sprints. Each sprint must be completed before moving to the next sprint. In this model, first requirement is gathered, then design is done, then implementation is done, then testing is done, and finally deployment is done.

Pros of Agile Methodology:

• Flexible and adaptable
• Works well for large projects

Cons of Agile Methodology:

• Complex and time-consuming
• Difficult to manage sprints

Spiral Model

Spiral Model is a iterative model where the software development process is divided into phases. Each phase must be completed before moving to the next phase. As name suggests, the process is done in a spiral way which means we have to repeat the process for each phase in case of any changes in the requirements.

Pros of Spiral Model:

• Flexible and adaptable
• Works well for large projects

Cons of Spiral Model:

• Complex and time-consuming
• Difficult to manage phases

RAD (Rapid Application Development)

RAD is a iterative and incremental model where the software development process is divided into phases. Each phase must be completed before moving to the next phase.

Pros of RAD:

• Flexible and adaptable
• Works well for large projects

Cons of RAD:

• Complex and time-consuming
• Difficult to manage phases

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